How does tillage affect the soil?

When farmers “till” the soil, they dig up the soil to get the ground ready for planting. However, too much tillage can cause problems.

Too much tillage can bury a lot of “crop residue”--dead plant material left on top of the ground after harvest. Crop residue protects the soil from the battering power of raindrops and moving water.

That’s why a lot of farmers have switched to “no-till.” They plant crops without doing any tillage. This leaves more crop residue on top, creating a protective shield so rain doesn’t wash as much soil away.

tillage

Tillage machinery turns over the soil to get it ready for planting. However, too much tillage can bury “crop residue”--dead plant material that protects the soil from erosion.

Photo: U of I College of ACES-ITCS